So according to the stipulations you can't bring anything from the future back with you. (So no grabbing plans for things.) If you don't know how to do it already then you can't actually invent it. And using the "hire people" logic might not work. I mean 200 years ago things were vastly different. Electricity was not a thing. Computers did not exist. So, like IntoxNitram stated, if you start trying to talk about future tech that's common place it's only likely to confuse people and/or get you locked up. (Imagine if someone dropped in from the future to you and started going on about the latest quantum phase system. You'd probably have no idea what that is or does. And you'd probably dismiss them.)
I'd like to think that I could probably advance medicine some through basic education (I took a first aid course so that would likely advance things a bit). I understand the principles of electricity generation through use of dams and windmills (turning magnets around coiled copper) and those didn't really come about until 1830's.
I could also probably get things started on the automobile as I understand the basics. (The exact design of the camshaft might be an issue though... I'd probably need a fair bit of time on it.) This could also possibly transfer over to ship design too as they use diesel engines.
Beyond that I don't know enough about most other things to really pioneer them. (At least not off the top of my head.)